Isaiah's Usage of Psalm 51
It seems that prophet Isaiah made extensive use of Psalm 51 while writing his prophecy. This is a short list of parallels between the two texts, which I plan on theologically expanding in the future:
“Against you, you only, have I sinned and done what is evil in your sight, so that you may be justified in your words and blameless in your judgment. Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity, and in sin did my mother conceive me.” (Psalm 51:4-5)
“Ah, sinful nation, a people laden with iniquity, offspring of evildoers, sons who deal corruptly! They have forsaken the Lord, they have despised the Holy One of Israel, they are utterly estranged.” (Isaiah 1:4)
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“Purge me with hyssop, and I shall be clean; wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow.” (Psalm 51:7)
“Come now, let us reason together, says the Lord: though your sins are like scarlet, they shall be as white as snow; though they are red like crimson, they shall become like wool.” (Isaiah 1:18)
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“Hide your face from my sins, and blot out all my iniquities.” (Psalm 51:9)
“I have blotted out your transgressions like a cloud and your sins like mist; return to me, for I have redeemed you.” (Isaiah 44:22)
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“Create in me a clean heart, O God, and renew (חַדֵּ֥שׁ) a right spirit within me. Cast me not away from your presence, and take not your Holy Spirit from me. Restore to me the joy of your salvation, and uphold me with a willing spirit.” (Psalm 51:10-12)
“The Spirit of the Lord God is upon me, because the Lord has anointed me to bring good news to the poor… They shall build up the ancient ruins; they shall raise up the former devastations; they shall renew (וְחִדְּשׁוּ֙) the ruined cities, the devastations of many generations.” (Isaiah 61:1, 4)
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“For you will not delight in sacrifice, or I would give it; you will not be pleased with a burnt offering.” (Psalm 51:16)
“What to me is the multitude of your sacrifices? says the Lord; I have had enough of burnt offerings of rams and the fat of well-fed beasts; I do not delight in the blood of bulls, or of lambs, or of goats.” (Isaiah 1:11)
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“Deliver me from bloodguiltiness, O God, O God of my salvation, and my tongue will sing aloud of your righteousness. O Lord, open my lips, and my mouth will declare your praise.” (Psalm 51:14-15)
And [Isaiah] said: “Woe is me! For I am lost; for I am a man of unclean lips… Then one of the seraphim flew to me, having in his hand a burning coal that he had taken with tongs from the altar. And he touched my mouth and said: “Behold, this has touched your lips; your guilt is taken away, and your sin atoned for.” (Isaiah 6:5-7)
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“Do good to Zion in your good pleasure; build up the walls of Jerusalem; then will you delight in right sacrifices, in burnt offerings and whole burnt offerings; then bulls will be offered on your altar.” (Psalm 51:18-19)
“And they shall bring all your brothers from all the nations as an offering to the Lord, on horses and in chariots and in litters and on mules and on dromedaries, to my holy mountain Jerusalem, says the Lord, just as the Israelites bring their grain offering in a clean vessel to the house of the Lord. And some of them also I will take for priests and for Levites, says the Lord.” (Isaiah 66:20-21)